Sunspot number by date 2021. They just reported an average today of 10.

Sunspot number by date 2021 Time range: 1/1749 - last elapsed month (provisional values) Data description: The 13-month smoothed monthly sunspot number is derived by a "tapered-boxcar" running mean of monthly sunspot numbers over 13 months centered on the corresponding month (Smoothing function: equal weights = 1, except for first and last elements (-6 and +6 months) = 0. 4 days ago · The table below, available from the National Geophysical Data Center in Boulder (USA), lists the yearly values of sunspot number from 1700. Jul 5, 2021 · the sunspot areas (from RGO) and the sunspot numbers (from T06 and SILSO) for the time range 1945–2016, together with a power-law (red line) and linear (black line) least squares fit to the Yearly mean sunspot number (black) up to 1749 and monthly 13-month smoothed sunspot number (blue) from 1749 up to the present. Number of sunspots Class Magn. 6) The largest group of sunspots yet in Solar Cycle 25 appeared in the southern hemisphere and made its way across the Sun over a two-week period. Last update on 18 May 2021) Sunspot Area White Light Telescope, 1998-- Daily sunspot area data; Information about files (Text file) Solar Flare Telescope, 2012-- Daily sunspot area data; Information about files (Text file) The Sunspot numbers for December 2020 were grossly miscounted by Miles Mathis First published January 5, 2021 Created Date: 1/7/2021 3:22:12 PM Dec 24, 2019 · In 2019, 274 days went by without sunspots, the highest number of spotless days since 1913. Daily sunspot number (yellow), monthly mean sunspot number (blue), smoothed monthly sunspot number (red) for the last 13 years and 12-month ahead predictions of the monthly smoothed sunspot number: SC (red dots) : prediction method based on an interpolation of Waldmeier's standard curves; It is only based on the sunspot number series. Indeed, in our data, the source of only 1 SEP event in 233 has been identified beyond these Jun 20, 2021 · Every eleven years (more or less precisely) sunspots are seen to rise in numbers. 15 R [mas] 0 50 100 150 200 250 Total sunspot number Daily sunspot The evolution of global magnetic fields has been observed for four Solar Cycles. The Bureau of Meteorology ASWFC solar cycle prediction is now based on the Version 2. 4: 79. SoHO/MDI SDO/HMI SOLIS/KPO Jul 10, 2024 · May and June 2024 saw the highest sunspot numbers on the sun since 2002, but is the peak of the solar cycle here yet? The sun follows an 11-year solar cycle of increasing and decreasing activity Oct 15, 2024 · One advantage of long-lived missions like Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) is the ability to see slow but significant changes over long periods of time. 1 8. We can notice that our predicted sunspots numbers are in a good agreement with published predictions by NOAA during two years. 0 data series, some of the sunspot numbers were weighted. (2007), is carried out by World Data Center Sunspot Index and Long-term Solar Observations SH. <P />Three tabular files are presented. Top and middle panel: blue (red) curves show the north (south) HSN series combined from T06 and SILSO, whereas the black curves show the HSNs reconstructed from the sunspot areas (available up to September 2016). Catalogue B contains the monthly mean and 13-month smoothed monthly data. The Sun has been very active during the last few months. Jan 6, 2025 · The purpose of the predictions is to provide future statistical estimates of sunspot number, solar radio 10. 7cm</SUB> radio flux and the Sunspot Number are the most widely used long-term indices of solar activity. 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 Year 0 50 100 150 200 250 Total sunspot number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Column 3: Date in fraction of year for the middle of the corresponding month Column 4: Monthly mean total sunspot number. The maximum sunspot number is 139. Line format [character position]: - [1-4] Year - [5-6] Month - [8-15] Decimal date - [17-21] North monthly mean sunspot number - [23-27] South monthly mean This individual observed result has no garantee of reliability by any public sector organizations. In the present study, we employ the time series of the hemispheric sunspot numbers [R H] reconstructed by Veronig et al. 6. The package is composed of a robust non-parametric quality control based on the block bootstrap and the CUSUM chart. SILSO World Data Center (2021) The International Sunspot Number. 55 that will occur in April 2024. Based on this prediction, a averaged maximum SFU value of 180 is expected to be reached during solar maximum in 2024. The code to produce this plot is available here. On this page you'll find an overview of all the visible sunspot regions on the Sun together with their properties, images and the chances on solar flares or proton events. The graph below shows the SSN for this year so far. From top to bottom: North and south HSN (from T06 and SILSO) and ISN . Title: fig6 Created Date: Jun 1, 2021 · Solar Cycles 22, 23 and 24 had durations of 9. For centuries, scientists have been counting sunspots to track this 11-year solar cycle, watching as the Sun transforms from a blank, spotless disk during solar minimum to one freckled with sunspots during solar maximum. 6) to 0. For the most important solar activity index, the sunspot numbers, so far only limited data are available for the two hemispheres 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 Year 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 R [mas] 0 50 100 150 200 250 Total sunspot number R = 8. Sunspot Index and Long-term Solar Observations Home; Data. 69 mas (1 ) Sunspot Number Solar Orbiter launch. Created Date: 12/29/2024 Solar activity has a significant impact on the production and life of human beings and organisms on earth. <P Mar 15, 2017 · (Note: there are actually at least two "official" sunspot numbers reported. An updated version of the Solar Cycle prediction product is now available on NOAA's Space Weather Prediction Testbed. international sunspot number (ISN) is calculated from the Wolf numbers collected from many observers on a daily basis (cur-rently, a network of 80 stations worldwide). It is thus another way of seeing how a solar cycle evolved over time. The American Sunspot Number is another series to which the ASWFC Culgoora Observatory contributed its observations. In contrast, Pishkalo (2021) pointed out that the strength of Cycle 25 in the NH should be weaker than in the SH. From top to bottom: monthly mean values of hemispheric north, south, and total sunspot numbers from 1945 to 2020. 5 shows the comparison between our predictions of sunspot numbers during next two years (2018–2019) with predicted sunspots number published by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). J. 4 - last month (Sept) it was 144. Monthly and 13-month smoothed sunspot numbers over the last 6 cycles. Jul 25, 2024 · These constraints are compared with reconstructed sunspot number based on 14 C data in the black curve (Usoskin et al. Jul 1, 2021 · On this page you will find an overview of the largest sunspot regions of the year 2021. Aug 18, 2023 · av ailable and cycle start dates must be estimated from sunspot number alone F or these cycles, we define the solar cycle start date as the time of the lowest 13-month smoothed SILSOv2 SSN value. Recently, annual 14C has been used to derive sunspot number on a millennial timescale (Brehm et al. Since solar activity varies in a cycle of approximately 11 years, the variation of ionospheric plasma density, or of the sunspots has major effect in the space around Earth in the interplanetary environment and the magnetosphere of the Earth. 032: 75. Daily, monthly and 13-month smoothed sunspot numbers for the past 13 years, and 12-month ahead predictions. 2B) Boulder SN current month average to date. has been cited by the following article: TITLE: Links of Terrestrial Environment with Solar Activity and Solar and Planetary Orbital Motion 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Monthly Mean 12−Month Mean Sunspot Numbers Sunspot Numbers Sunspot regions Help. For the sunpot group number, recent data confirm the clear southern predominance of sunspots during the Maunder Minimum, while the umbra-penumbra ratio is similar to other epochs. 02, and normalized sunspot numbers, which vary from 0. 4. The only observation related to solar activity whose records reach back to the seventeenth century are sunspots. Column 6: North monthly smoothed sunspot number. 9 in August 2013 so the official maximum was at least that h Oct 15, 2024 · That is, during periods of high solar activity, such as at the solar cycle maximum, the number of sunspots and the F10. frame. Solar activity is an important driver of long-term climate trends and must be accounted for in climate models. Evaluation of F10. 5 May value. 7; 2021-06: 24. 5, Normalization by 1/12 factor). Unfortunately, direct measurements of this quantity over long periods do not exist. core. This property is computed from the observed OSF and sunspot-based OSF source term \(S\). Therefore, information on future changes in <class 'pandas. And in Solar Cycle 23, Sunspots maximized at 180. Solar cycles have an average Sep 15, 2022 · The latitudinal variation of sunspots correlates with the sunspot number: sunspots usually occur between latitudes 40°N and 40°S and migrate from high to low latitudes as the solar cycle progresses, resulting in the butterfly diagram (Ivanov, 2018). 3 day with a slope of −0. SESC Sunspot Number 0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 0244 5 5 er Date DAILY SUNSPOT NUMBER The official SESC sunspot number is computed according to the Wolf Sunspot Number formula R = k(10g + s), where g = the number of sunspot groups (regions), s = the total number of individual spots in all the groups k = a scaling factor that corrects for seeing Oct 16, 2024 · Every 11 years, the Sun gets very active and the number of sunspots — dark, cooler areas on the Sun — increases dramatically. This page is updated daily. al. 452: 2021-04: 24. Jun 21, 2024 · The dashed lines in Figure 4a and b, show that the average variation of sidereal rotation periods, which vary from 25. These findings suggest some decoupling between the two hemispheres over the solar cycle evolution, which is in agreement with dynamo theories. Developing a reliable SSN forecasting model is difficult because SSN time series exhibit complex patterns, nonlinearity, and nonstationarity characteristics. For the Northern hemisphere, we find maximum peak values for Solar Feb 17, 2021 · Observed Date (UTC) Relative sunspot number F10. The state-of-the-art shows that deep-learning models often need help capturing SSN What is the sunspot number? Updated 16 Jan 2025 2021 total: 64 days (18%) 2020 total: 208 days (57%) Date(UT) Miss Distance. The NOAA sunspot number is compiled by the US National May 10, 2021 · We present the fits of the Pareto distribution functions (Equation ) in Figure 2 and list the years, the number of events n ev, the power-law slope α τ of the waiting times, the goodness-of-fit χ 2, the lower x 0 and upper x 2 bounds of the fitted range, the decades of the inertial range , and the annual sunspot number SN in Table 2. The highest daily sunspot numbers were recorded on the 16th and 17th (both 151), and the lowest was a meager 4 on June, 8th. Created Date: 6/26/2021 7:21:29 AM Columns: Date, Monthly Mean Total Sunspot Number; Feature Engineering. The observed and predicted Solar Cycle is depicted in Sunspot Number in the top graph and F10. 44 to 24. Thanksgiving 2020 (Nov. About modifications for numbers (Text file. On the other hand, during periods of low solar activity, such as at the solar cycle minimum, both the number of sunspots and the F10. 4: 2021-03: 17. Column 5: Monthly mean standard deviation of the input sunspot numbers from individual stations. Astronomy&Astrophysicsmanuscript no. Fig. 7 cm flux (F10. 1 day ago · In the Version 1. January 2021 Sunspots by Miles Mathis First published February 2, 2021 The mainstream continues to fake the sunspot counts by shocking margins, getting worse each month. sunspot maximum and minimum 1610-present; annual numbers 1700-present; monthly numbers 1749-present; daily values 1818-present; and sunspot numbers by north and south hemisphere. Previous studies show significant north-south asymmetries for various features and indicators of solar activity. Aug 20, 2024 · shows the distribution of 73 GLE events (red squares) and average number of daily sunspots (black lines) over 9 different solar activity cycles during January 1940 through December 2021. 66 0. Velocity (km/s) Plot Sunspots since 1755 This site allows you to plot 11 years worth of sunspot numbers centered on any date between 1755 and the present. Shape Jan 9, 2024 · (b) SILSO sunspot number (black), and the resulting OSF source rate, \(S\) (blue). To calculate the radio flux from the predicted sunspot numbers, we use Equation (2) with a 2nd order polynomial in Clette (2021). Yearly mean and 13-month smoothed monthly sunspot number since 1700. 3 and 12 years respectively. Since April this year, many large and complex sunspot groups have adorned the solar disk driving the daily sunspot number regularly to well above 250 (see the SIDC/USET image for 7 August underneath). Sunspot Area Sunspot Number Hemispheric Sunspot Numbers are available only from 1945 onwards !! - 1945-2004: Temmer et. The table shows averages for each hemisphere and the average for the entire Sun. Dec 30, 2024 · The chart is shown with the current and last solar cycle, you can show/hide any solar cycle by clicking/tapping in the legend below the chart. July 19 2021 The image above shows the evolution of the Sun’s magnetic field over the course Belgium, have presented the Catalog of Hemispheric sunspot Numbers. Apr 12, 2021 · Here, we outline current data recovery work. This suggests that the mean cycle is approximately 11-1/9 years. 0) from the Sunspot Index and Long-term Solar Observations (SILSO) database hosted at the Royal Observatory of Belgium. (2006)-1992-2020: SILSO World Data Centre Data Not Available We use the Hemispheric Sunspot Areas (available from 1874 onwards) to reconstruct Hemispheric Sunspot Number How? Take Relative Fraction of Sunspot Area and where \(G\) is the number of sunspot groups on the solar disk on a given day, \(S\) denotes the total number of individual spots within those groups, and \(k\) is a normalization factor that brings different observers to a common scale (\(k\) is the time-averaged ratio of the daily sunspot number \(S_{\mathrm{N}}\) of the primary reference observer to that of a secondary observer). 032: 77. The new (Version 2. 1 b. Daily and monthly sunspot number (last 13 years) Daily sunspot number (yellow), monthly mean sunspot number (blue), smoothed monthly sunspot number (red) for the last 13 years and 12-month ahead predictions of the monthly smoothed sunspot number: SC (red dots) : prediction method based on an interpolation of Waldmeier's standard curves; It is Jan 4, 2021 · The histograms on both sides show the distribution of period lengths for the sunspot numbers (black), all periods in the ETH data (light blue) and the significant periods only (dark blue Time series, neural networks and the future of the Sun. ms41195 ©ESO 2021 July 2, 2021 Hemispheric sunspot numbers 1874–2020 Astrid M The sunspot number is a measure of the Jul 6, 2022 · For June, the provisional monthly mean International Sunspot Number (ISN) was 70. 2021) and the green curve (Miyahara et al. Catalogue A contains the daily data. Column 8: Definitive/provisional marker as in column 5 but for the smoothed monthly values. 005, have a downward trend from years Aug 28, 2024 · The present study uses machine learning and time series spectral analysis to develop a novel technique to forecast the sunspot number (SN) in both hemispheres for the remainder of Solar Cycle 25 and Solar Cycle 26. 833: 76. It gives us a nice idea of the amount of solar flares in relation to the sunspot number. . Since July 1st 2015, the original Sunspot number data have been replaced by a new entirely revised data series. That's when the extensive recording of solar sunspot activity began. Aug 6, 2024 · Hence, sunspot number prediction is an integral part of solar cycle monitoring for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the European Space Agency and other space and environmental Jun 1, 2021 · where R is the Sunspot Number also referred to as SSN; k is observatory scaling factor, g is the number of sunspot groups, and s is the number of individual sunspots. They are strongly correlated, which led to the publication of many proxy relations allowing to convert one index onto the other. Sunspot Number; Group Number; Past versions; Extended hemispheric number The monthly mean sunspot number (blue) and 13-month smoothed monthly sunspot number (red) for the last five cycles. (c) \(\chi \), the OSF loss rate expressed as a percentage of the current OSF. 7 index tend to be high. For the sunspot number, we find historical evidence of a disruption in the source observers occurring in 1947–48. 95 8 8. On Earth, this can be seen at times too, but only at a longer time scale. 7 index tend to be low (Okoh and Okoro, 2020). 2C) STAR SDO 1K Wolf number 30 day average. 05 8. This view from SDO's Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) shows the evolution of sunspots on the solar disk starting from solar minimum (around December 2019) and into the maximum solar activity phase. This enables us to offer predictions for hemispheric SN until January 2038 (using the 13-month running average). Class Spot ; 1: 6 days ago · The most widely quoted average sunspot number is the Zurich number (Rz) which was replaced from January 1981 with the International Sunspot Number (RI). Solar cycle 22 had a maximum Sunspot Count of 212. There are several numbers in that quadrant, yes, but if we check the sunspot numbers, we find only one Created Date: 11/13/2021 6:01:05 PM 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 Year 7. The International Sunspot Number as compiled by the Solar Influences Data Analysis Center in Belgium, has been revised recently (V2. Column 7: South monthly smoothed sunspot number. , 2021; Usoskin et al. This page is updated daily and the sunspot images every hour. A. The prediction of solar activity is important for advanced technologies and space activities. 5) with a slope of −0. However, those existing proxies show significant disagreements, in particular at low solar activity. 167: 2021-05: 20. This was the lowest daily ISN since 11 December 2021, when it was 0 thus marking the last spotless day so 400 year sunspot history, including the Maunder Minimum "The prediction for solar cycle 24 gave a smoothed sunspot number maximum of about 69 in the late Summer of 2013. 0 values. Numbers in brackets for cycle 25 indicate the minimum possible value for that month, assuming there are no more sunspots between now (Jan 3, 2024) and six months after the end of the month in question. So we have a slight rise. 2021), as well as sunspot group number of Svalgaard & Schatten , multiplied by a factor of 20, according to Muñoz-Jaramillo & Vaquero , shown in the blue curve. The smoothed sunspot number reached 68. Number of C, M and X-class solar flares per year. Left-hand panels show individual cycles, while right-hand panels showing Context. The magnetic field of the sun changes polarity over eleven years and this is the reason the number of spots can vary. . You can zoom in o Multi-year forecast of the monthly sunspot number and the monthly F10. But I'm not sure I understand why a flip occurs. , 2021). 0 -- summer 2015), and should now more closely match the NOAA sunspot number. The years 1749-1881 were used for traning, 1882-1938 for validation, and 1939-2021 for Nov 18, 2022 · The dynamical behavior of the KO sunspot number has strong similarities with the recently prepared hemispheric sunspot number from different solar proxies (Veronig et al. Handwritten, or electronic signature approval of this document is on file at AeroLEDs, Boise, Idaho. 1. The method also provides predictions of the shapes and the sizes of the deviations encountered, using support vector machine (SVM) procedures. Solar Cycle 24 had two peaks as predicted 29; a maximum Sunspot Count of 99 in 2011 and another peak of 101 in 2014 as shown in Fig. Feb 22, 2021 · Annual sunspot numbers since 1700 and the known maxima and minima since 1610 show a similarity of pattern from century to century. The graph below shows us the number of C, M and X-class solar flares that occur for any given year. 7. The F<SUB>10. Moreover, a temporal drift was recently found The Solar Cycle 25 Prediction Panel predicted in December 2019 [11] that solar cycle 25 will be similar to solar cycle 24, with the preceding solar cycle minimum in April 2020 (± 6 months), and the number of sunspots reaching a (smoothed) maximum of 115 in July 2025 (± 8 months). Total solar eclipses enable the solar SunSpot is a module written in Python to monitor the sunspot numbers. al, in 2021 find the relationship (correlation) and interdependence between the critical frequency (foF2) of Ionospheric layer F2 and Sunspot number. 54 (actual sunspot numbers = 118. This indicates that the cycle would be slightly stronger than Solar Cycle 24. Date DAILY SUNSPOT NUMBER The official SESC sunspot number is computed according to the Wolf Sunspot Number formula Created Date: 4/28/2021 11:16:23 AM eruptions. Confidence ranges need to be added in the future. Great for retrieving sunspot data! The Spinning Sun An activity for you to determine the solar rotation rate based upon the movement of sunspots. 2021) and so may be considered as an alternate proxy of the international sunspot number for long-term hemispheric solar cycle studies. 0) sunspot numbers are unweighted sunspot number counts. McKinnon) Sunspot Numbers Sunspots are temporary phenomena on the photosphere of the Sun that appear visibly as dark spots compared to surrounding regions. 7cm Radio Flux in the bottom graph. Conway, in New Astronomy Reviews, 1998 As sunspot number has become the most popular test bed of many time series models, and because prediction of solar maximum is important for many reasons, its history is reviewed and the statistical properties of the solar cycle are analysed. ms41195 ©ESO 2021 July 2, 2021 Hemispheric sunspot numbers 1874–2020 Astrid M The sunspot number is a measure of the Oct 23, 2024 · Effective predicting sunspot numbers (SSN) is the complex task of studying space weather, solar activity, satellite communication, and Earth’s climate. On this occasion, the data are presented in a new array of files, containing additional values that were not present in the original series. NB: On months when the running mean cannot be calculated, columns 5 and 6 are left blank. In all panels, red dashed lines show the solar cycle start dates obtained from sunspot latitude 3 days ago · 2A) Current impact on the monthly sunspot number based on the Boulder (NOAA/SWPC) sunspot number (accumulated daily sunspots / month days). I have also attached my last image of the sunspots for Mar 1, 2024 · In this section a daily comparison will be made between the GSN and the Sunspot Number, SSN (version 2. 4 for January, but using their own published charts I got the number 40. International Sunspot Number Monthly Bulletin and Online Catalogue. DataFrame'> RangeIndex: 3265 entries, 0 to 3264 Data columns (total 2 columns): # Column Non-Null Count Dtype --- ----- ----- ----- 0 ds Hemispheric Sunspot Number SC-25 North South Excess North Excess South 2021 2022 Time 2023 2024 2020 . MAX marks a sunspot cycle maximum and min a minimum. The Sunspot Cycle Sep 30, 2021 · Elaf et. 7, Sunspot Number and Photon Flux Data for Ionosphere TEC Modeling and Prediction Using Machine Learning Techniques Benoit, Andres Gilberto Machado da Silva Petry, Adriano Mar 9, 2021 · (b) Number of yearly mean sunspot groups around the Maunder Minimum (1645–1715 CE) and the Dalton Minimum (1800–1824 CE) obtained by Hoyt and Schatten 4 (solid line) and by Svalgaard and This study predicts 13-month smoothed monthly sunspot number of the Solar Cycle 25 using this model, making the forecast of sunspot number from January 2020 to December 2030. This processing, described in detail inClette et al. The peak sunspot number (SSN), which can represent the solar activity, has declined continuously in the past four solar cycles (21$-$24), and the Sun would experience a Dalton-like minimum, or even the Maunder-like minimum, if the declining trend continues in the following several cycles, so that the for the Sunspot 46 LX/HX series lights Check Nate Calvin Quality Ryan Edmark Date: 26 Oct 2021 Status: Released Typed signatures indicate approval. Back to previous page: Copyright(c) 2021 by Naoyuki Kurita, All Jan 9, 2024 · Average variations of parameters with solar-cycle phase, defined as 0 at the start of a cycle and 1 at the end of a cycle. 645 Nov 4, 2024 · Another month of sunspots - the mean sunspot number for October came in at 166. 23 to Dec. 9, 12. Line format [character position]: - [1-4] Year - [5-6] Month - [9-16] Decimal date - [20-24] Monthly total sunspot number - [26] Definitive/provisional indicator for monthly numbers - [28-32] 13-month smoothed monthly total sunspot number. They just reported an average today of 10. Article citations More>>. (2021) to analyze the temporal evolution of the correlation between the maximum amplitude [R max]andR Daily and monthly sunspot number (last 13 years) Daily sunspot number (yellow), monthly mean sunspot number (blue), smoothed monthly sunspot number (red) for the last 13 years and 12-month ahead predictions of the monthly smoothed sunspot number: SC (red dots) : prediction method based on an interpolation of Waldmeier's standard curves; It is A new quantitative reconstruction of annually resolved solar activity, in the form of SNs (at least outside grand minima) with a full uncertainty assessment, is presented for the period 971-1900. The video ends in September 2024 Readme: Sunspot Numbers “Today, much more sophisticated measurements of solar activity are made routinely, but none has the link with the past that sunspot numbers have” (J. Column 7: Definitive/provisional marker. 3) Running average based on the quicklook and definitive Potsdam WDC ap indices. While the early part of the sunspot record before 1800 is still characterized by large uncertainties due to poorly observed periods, the more recent sunspot numbers are mainly affected by three main inhomogeneities: in 1880-1915 for the Group Number and in 1947 and 1980-2014 for the Sunspot Number. Additional information about the Sunspot Number and the Radio Flux are available. Column 6: Number of observations used to compute the monthly mean total sunspot number. In addition to these quasi-continuous time series, there also exist episodic measurements of the corona, in the form of solar eclipse observations. Dec 1, 2018 · Fig. The chart on this page shows the sunspot numbers since 1749. Jul 1, 2021 · Scatter plots of daily (left) and monthly mean (right) sunspot areas against sunspot numbers for the time range 1945-2016. Document Number 0010-0004 Revision H . The McNish-Lincoln sunspot prediction is also included. For the first time, individual solar cycles are presented for the whole of the last millennium, more than doubling the existing statistics of solar cycles. Predicted values are based on the consensus of the Solar Cycle 24 Prediction Panel. We still can't tell for certain that we have passed maximum - the USA model predicts max in 2025. Surprisingly, determining the number of sunspots consistently over time has remained We provide a catalogue that contains hemispheric sunspot numbers (HSN) from 1874 until 2020. A. 7), and the geomagnetic planetary index, Ap, for input to various space environment models. 25 (actual sunspot numbers = 54. The GSN record remains to this day the longest direct observational time series of the sun. 6, down from the 96. cklm yhppj ijgks rjmick xlhpg ulqo srad fgavawo hhur xmc